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カフェインは脳内で「アデノシン受容体」をブロックします。アデノシンは眠気を感じさせる物質で、これが阻害されると一時的に覚醒感や集中力が高まります。 しかし、継続的な摂取によって脳は「アデノシン受容体の数」を増やし、耐性を形成してしまいます。その結果、同じ量のカフェインでは効果を感じにくくなり、より多くの摂取を求める習慣化につながるのです【PubMed: DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00816.x】。
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